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Emigration and Migration in Poland
Emigration of Poles abroad in 2004-2007 took a large size, which was connected with Polish accession to the European Union and the subsequent opening of the labor markets. Every year, the number of Poles residing temporarily abroad, reaching in 2007 the highest value estimated at 2,270 thousand. - The Central Statistical Office.
It is estimated that in late 2009 outside Polish borders were staying temporarily around 1870 thousand. inhabitants of our country, ie by 340 thousand. less than in 2008 (approximately 2,210 thousand.), with 1,635 thousand. people were in Europe (about 1,887 thousand. in 2008). The vast majority - about 1,570 thousand. - Polish immigrants lived in the EU member states, this number decreased by 250 thousand. compared to 2008. Among EU countries, there were still many people in Britain (555 thousand.) Germany (415 thousand.) Ireland (140 thousand). And Italy, the Netherlands and Spain (about 85 thousand.).
It is estimated that about 3 / 4 time of Polish immigrants (about 1400 thousand.) Resides abroad for at least 12 months. These people are classified as long-term emigrants and - together with people who have emigrated permanently - should be included in the states of the population of each country.
The vast majority of Polish emigrants staying abroad in connection with work, but with the passage of time, an increasing number of people - family members of Polish immigrants, their dependents (spouses, children). Those who left in the period between May 2004 and the end of 2009, in 80-90% of cases remained overseas to take a job or looking for it.
This estimate also includes those Poles who have long since resided outside Polish borders, including EU countries, regardless of their residency status.
Migration to Poland
Immigration to Poland - the state of knowledge
-Register data: 9-10 thousand per year, including:
During 1990-2005: 117 thousand.; Record of Social Security:
MP at the end of 2006year - 55 thousand. people (0.14% of population)
-Census 2002 - foreigners who do not have Polish
Citizenship: 40.6 thousand.
-Data of the Office for Foreigners: Immigrants Tray
settlement at the end of September 2004 - 48 thousand.; new
permit 2004-2006 - about 50 thousand.
BUT:
- Passenger border traffic: about 62 million visits by foreigners in
2004. 65 million in 2006
-The number of visas issued by Polish consulates: More than 1.3 million in
2006
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Migration problems in Lithuania
• Lithuania had the biggest negative migration net (per 1,000 population) in the EU in 2005. Consequently, it has led to country’s big demographic changes. According to the newest data from Lithuanian Statistics, 17,015 people have left the country in 2008 (compared with 15,571 in 2005). These numbers show that during the year 2008 economic emigration became even more acute than in 2005.
• The biggest groups of foreigners coming to Lithuania are citizens of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Also, the beginning of return migration is identified: in 2006 and 2007 about 70 % of incoming people were citizens of Lithuania. During the last years, increase in numbers of immigrants from Turkey, China, and Moldova.The majority of foreigners from these countries could be considered as labour immigrants. Currently, the majority of newly arriving migrants are coming as foreign workers. In 2008 foreigners were working in sectors of industry, transport, construction, services, and education.
• The majority of foreign workers in Lithuania occupy those professions that do not re¬quire high qualification, language, and other professional skills. For instance, newly arriving im¬migrants are working as long distance drivers, brick layers, assemblers, welders (including ship welders), electricians, painters, and cooks.
• The main measures of integration of foreigners in Republic of Lithuania are applied particularly for those who have been granted refugee status or temporary protection.
These measures are :
(1) Lithuanian language courses;
(2) education;
(3) employment;
(4) provision with accommodation;
(5) social protection;
6 health care;
(7) information to the public about the processes of integration.
The Brain Drain problem
President Dalia Grybauskaitė: ‘‘ THE “BRAIN drain” suffered by Lithuania as a result of continuing migration to other countries is of huge concern.We are a small nation, and we are losing the most active people between 25 and 40 years old after we have trained them and invested in their education. It is a huge loss.”
Close to 90,000 Lithuanians live in Ireland, making the community the third-largest in the Lithuanian diaspora.The impact of the global economic crisis on Lithuania has made the flow of migration from the country “more aggressive”. In contrast with other nations, the number of Lithuanian migrants choosing to return home as a result of the downturn is quite small.
Created by Simona, Greta, Arnoldas, Jolita, Donatas
Just found this page from the Lithuanian Department of Statistics with a lot of useful numbers concerning emigration:
http://www.stat.gov.lt/en/pages/view/?id=1392